See indigenous on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indigenity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indigenously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indigenous medicine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indigenousness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nonindigenous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "indigenus",
"4": "",
"5": "native, born in a country"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "-ous",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐνδογενής",
"t": "born in the house"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐνδογενής (endogenḗs, “born in the house”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "piecewise doublet"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "endogenous",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "endogenous",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”), from indi- (indu-), an old derivative of in (“in”), gen- the root of gignō (“give birth to”), and English -ous. Compare indigene, Ancient Greek ἐνδογενής (endogenḗs, “born in the house”), and the separately formed piecewise doublet endogenous. Unrelated to Indian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "indigenous (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in‧dig‧e‧nous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "indigena"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1862, Henry David Thoreau, Wild Apples: The History of the Apple Tree:",
"text": "Not only the Indian, but many indigenous insects, birds, and quadrupeds, welcomed the apple-tree to these shores.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Eduardo Galeano, Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent, Monthly Review Press, page 17:",
"text": "Horses, like camels, had once been indigenous to Latin America but had become extinct.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Esra Özyürek, Being German, Becoming Muslim: Race, Religion, and Conversion in the New Europe, Princeton University Press, page 23:",
"text": "Berlin is unique in being home to numerous East German converts to Islam who belong to the same German-speaking Muslim communities as West German converts. […] I attempt in this book to give a good sense of the diversity of contemporary indigenous Sunni Muslims in Germany, while pointing to commonalities and differences.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion."
],
"id": "en-indigenous-en-adj-d~SImruu",
"links": [
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"intrusion",
"intrusion"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 67 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 64 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ous",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 75 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 63 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 67 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 68 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 52 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 69 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 65 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 70 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 71 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 69 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 70 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 71 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 68 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 67 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 71 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 69 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 75 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 70 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladino translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 73 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 56 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 67 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 67 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 54 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 71 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 65 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 70 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 68 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 76 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 66 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 68 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 73 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The Ainu are the indigenous ethnic group of Japan's Hokkaido Island.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007 April, Julie Grundvig, “TAIWAN”, in The Asia Book: A Journey Through Every Country in the Continent, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 103, column 2:",
"text": "About 98 per cent of Taiwan's inhabitants are Han Chinese, a diverse mix of ethnic and linguistic groups, including Hakka, Cantonese and Fujianese, who came from China's southern coast. Taiwan's other two per cent are from one of the nine indigenous tribes, which are scattered throughout the island but largely concentrated along the east coast and in the Central Mountain Range.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion.",
"In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture."
],
"id": "en-indigenous-en-adj-1TU1ILuw",
"links": [
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"intrusion",
"intrusion"
],
[
"colonialism",
"colonialism"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851 June – 1852 April, Harriet Beecher Stowe, chapter 18, in Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life among the Lowly, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Boston, Mass.: John P[unchard] Jewett & Company; Cleveland, Oh.: Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, published 20 March 1852, →OCLC:",
"text": "She was a native and essential cook, as much as Aunt Chloe,—cooking being an indigenous talent of the African race.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, George MacDonald, “Stephen Archer”, in Stephen Archer and Other Tales:",
"text": "He had all the tricks of a newspaper boy indigenous in him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Innate, inborn."
],
"id": "en-indigenous-en-adj-1QWxpGaf",
"links": [
[
"Innate",
"innate"
],
[
"inborn",
"inborn"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "connatural"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vroden",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "вроден"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "aangeboren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "ingeboren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "overgeërfd"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "synnynnäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "inné"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congénital"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "angeboren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "intuitiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "eingeboren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "meðfæddur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "innato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congenito"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "nato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vroždjónnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "врождённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priroždjónnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "прирождённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priródnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "приро́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "innato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congénito"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "ĭn-dĭj′ə-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "ĭn-dĭj′ĭ-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-indigenous.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-au-indigenous.ogg/En-au-indigenous.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-au-indigenous.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒɪnəs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒənəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "40 40 21",
"sense": "native",
"word": "aboriginal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "autochthonous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "local"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "natural"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inheems"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bnik",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "բնիկ"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mesten",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "местен"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tuzemen",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "туземен"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "在地的"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inheems"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autochtoon"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "oorspronkelijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indiĝena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "pärismaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "alkuperäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigène"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborigène"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autochtone"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indíxena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborixe"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aborigenuli",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "აბორიგენული"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mḳvidri",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "მკვიდრი"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "adgilobrivi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "ადგილობრივი"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "einheimisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "eingeboren"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inländisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "autókhthōn",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "αὐτόχθων"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "y'lidi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "יְלִידִי"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "frumbyggja-"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "infæddur"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "innlendur"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlander"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "pribumi"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "masyarakat adat"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigeno"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indijena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigenus"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "taketake"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "stedegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "innfødt"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigèna"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlendisc"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlende"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bumi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "بومی"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "miejscowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "macierzysty"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativo"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborígene"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborígine"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autohton"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korennój",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "коренно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "aborigénnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "абориге́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "méstnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "ме́стный"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tuzémnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "тузе́мный"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "avtoxtónnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "автохто́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tùsanach"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "urođen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nnìgginu"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autòttunu"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativu"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "arigginaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autóctono"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 47 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativo"
}
],
"word": "indigenous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English piecewise doublets",
"English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"English terms suffixed with -ous",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒənəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒənəs/4 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪnəs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪdʒɪnəs/4 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "indigenity"
},
{
"word": "indigenously"
},
{
"word": "indigenous medicine"
},
{
"word": "indigenousness"
},
{
"word": "nonindigenous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "indigenus",
"4": "",
"5": "native, born in a country"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "-ous",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐνδογενής",
"t": "born in the house"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐνδογενής (endogenḗs, “born in the house”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "piecewise doublet"
},
"expansion": "piecewise doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "endogenous",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "endogenous",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”), from indi- (indu-), an old derivative of in (“in”), gen- the root of gignō (“give birth to”), and English -ous. Compare indigene, Ancient Greek ἐνδογενής (endogenḗs, “born in the house”), and the separately formed piecewise doublet endogenous. Unrelated to Indian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "indigenous (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in‧dig‧e‧nous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "indigena"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1862, Henry David Thoreau, Wild Apples: The History of the Apple Tree:",
"text": "Not only the Indian, but many indigenous insects, birds, and quadrupeds, welcomed the apple-tree to these shores.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Eduardo Galeano, Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent, Monthly Review Press, page 17:",
"text": "Horses, like camels, had once been indigenous to Latin America but had become extinct.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Esra Özyürek, Being German, Becoming Muslim: Race, Religion, and Conversion in the New Europe, Princeton University Press, page 23:",
"text": "Berlin is unique in being home to numerous East German converts to Islam who belong to the same German-speaking Muslim communities as West German converts. […] I attempt in this book to give a good sense of the diversity of contemporary indigenous Sunni Muslims in Germany, while pointing to commonalities and differences.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion."
],
"links": [
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"intrusion",
"intrusion"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The Ainu are the indigenous ethnic group of Japan's Hokkaido Island.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007 April, Julie Grundvig, “TAIWAN”, in The Asia Book: A Journey Through Every Country in the Continent, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 103, column 2:",
"text": "About 98 per cent of Taiwan's inhabitants are Han Chinese, a diverse mix of ethnic and linguistic groups, including Hakka, Cantonese and Fujianese, who came from China's southern coast. Taiwan's other two per cent are from one of the nine indigenous tribes, which are scattered throughout the island but largely concentrated along the east coast and in the Central Mountain Range.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion.",
"In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture."
],
"links": [
[
"native",
"native"
],
[
"intrusion",
"intrusion"
],
[
"colonialism",
"colonialism"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851 June – 1852 April, Harriet Beecher Stowe, chapter 18, in Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life among the Lowly, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Boston, Mass.: John P[unchard] Jewett & Company; Cleveland, Oh.: Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, published 20 March 1852, →OCLC:",
"text": "She was a native and essential cook, as much as Aunt Chloe,—cooking being an indigenous talent of the African race.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, George MacDonald, “Stephen Archer”, in Stephen Archer and Other Tales:",
"text": "He had all the tricks of a newspaper boy indigenous in him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Innate, inborn."
],
"links": [
[
"Innate",
"innate"
],
[
"inborn",
"inborn"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "ĭn-dĭj′ə-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "ĭn-dĭj′ĭ-nəs",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒənəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈdɪd͡ʒɪnəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-indigenous.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/En-au-indigenous.ogg/En-au-indigenous.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/En-au-indigenous.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒɪnəs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪdʒənəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "native",
"word": "aboriginal"
},
{
"word": "autochthonous"
},
{
"word": "local"
},
{
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "connatural"
},
{
"word": "natural"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inheems"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bnik",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "բնիկ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mesten",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "местен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tuzemen",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "туземен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "在地的"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inheems"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autochtoon"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "oorspronkelijk"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indiĝena"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "pärismaine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "alkuperäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigène"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborigène"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autochtone"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indíxena"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborixe"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aborigenuli",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "აბორიგენული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mḳvidri",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "მკვიდრი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "adgilobrivi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "ადგილობრივი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "einheimisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "eingeboren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inländisch"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "autókhthōn",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "αὐτόχθων"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "y'lidi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "יְלִידִי"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "frumbyggja-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "infæddur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "innlendur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlander"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "pribumi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "masyarakat adat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigeno"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indijena"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigenus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "taketake"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "stedegen"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "innfødt"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigèna"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlendisc"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "inlende"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bumi",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "بومی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "miejscowy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "macierzysty"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborígene"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "aborígine"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indigen"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autohton"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "korennój",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "коренно́й"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "aborigénnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "абориге́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "méstnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "ме́стный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tuzémnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "тузе́мный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "avtoxtónnyj",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "автохто́нный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tùsanach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "urođen"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nnìgginu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autòttunu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "arigginaru"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "indígena"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "autóctono"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "born or engendered in, native to a land or region",
"word": "nativo"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vroden",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "вроден"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "aangeboren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "ingeboren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "overgeërfd"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "synnynnäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "inné"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congénital"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "angeboren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "intuitiv"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "eingeboren"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "meðfæddur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "innato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congenito"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "nato"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vroždjónnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "врождённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priroždjónnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "прирождённый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priródnyj",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "приро́дный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "innato"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "innate, inborn",
"word": "congénito"
}
],
"word": "indigenous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for indigenous meaning in All languages combined (17.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.